CVE-2025-39986
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: can: sun4i_can: populate ndo_change_mtu() to prevent buffer overflow Sending an PF_PACKET allows to bypass the CAN framework logic and to directly reach the xmit() function of a CAN driver. The only check which is performed by the PF_PACKET framework is to make sure that skb->len fits the interface's MTU. Unfortunately, because the sun4i_can driver does not populate its net_device_ops->ndo_change_mtu(), it is possible for an attacker to configure an invalid MTU by doing, for example: $ ip link set can0 mtu 9999 After doing so, the attacker could open a PF_PACKET socket using the ETH_P_CANXL protocol: socket(PF_PACKET, SOCK_RAW, htons(ETH_P_CANXL)) to inject a malicious CAN XL frames. For example: struct canxl_frame frame = { .flags = 0xff, .len = 2048, }; The CAN drivers' xmit() function are calling can_dev_dropped_skb() to check that the skb is valid, unfortunately under above conditions, the malicious packet is able to go through can_dev_dropped_skb() checks: 1. the skb->protocol is set to ETH_P_CANXL which is valid (the function does not check the actual device capabilities). 2. the length is a valid CAN XL length. And so, sun4ican_start_xmit() receives a CAN XL frame which it is not able to correctly handle and will thus misinterpret it as a CAN frame. This can result in a buffer overflow. The driver will consume cf->len as-is with no further checks on this line: dlc = cf->len; Here, cf->len corresponds to the flags field of the CAN XL frame. In our previous example, we set canxl_frame->flags to 0xff. Because the maximum expected length is 8, a buffer overflow of 247 bytes occurs a couple line below when doing: for (i = 0; i < dlc; i++) writel(cf->data[i], priv->base + (dreg + i * 4)); Populate net_device_ops->ndo_change_mtu() to ensure that the interface's MTU can not be set to anything bigger than CAN_MTU. By fixing the root cause, this prevents the buffer overflow.
Affected versions
Linux kernel versions
4.4
and later are affected. Fixed in
5.4.300,
5.10.245,
5.15.194,
6.1.155,
6.6.109,
6.12.50,
6.16.10,
6.17
and their respective stable series.
References
The following references provide additional information about CVE-2025-39986 including vendor advisories, patch commits, exploit details, and third-party analysis. Links are sourced from the NIST NVD database.
-
PatchKernel patch commithttps://git.kernel.org/stable/c/063539db42203b29d5aa2adf0cae3d68c646a6b6
-
PatchKernel patch commithttps://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2e423e1990f3972cbea779883fef52c2f2acb858
-
PatchKernel patch commithttps://git.kernel.org/stable/c/4f382cc887adca8478b9d3e6b81aa6698a95fff4
Frequently asked questions
-
What is CVE-2025-39986?
CVE-2025-39986 is a unscored severity Linux kernel vulnerability . It affects Linux kernel versions from 4.4 onward and has been patched in 5.4.300, 5.10.245, 5.15.194 and others. CVE-2025-39986 has not been confirmed as actively exploited and is not listed in the CISA KEV catalog.
-
Is there a patch available for CVE-2025-39986?
Yes — CVE-2025-39986 has been patched. Fixed versions include 5.4.300, 5.10.245, 5.15.194 and others. If you are running Linux kernel 4.4 or later up to the fix versions, apply the relevant patch for your kernel branch.
-
Is CVE-2025-39986 actively exploited?
No — CVE-2025-39986 has not been confirmed as actively exploited. It is not listed in the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) catalog.