CVE-2025-38488
HighIn the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: smb: client: fix use-after-free in crypt_message when using async crypto The CVE-2024-50047 fix removed asynchronous crypto handling from crypt_message(), assuming all crypto operations are synchronous. However, when hardware crypto accelerators are used, this can cause use-after-free crashes: crypt_message() // Allocate the creq buffer containing the req creq = smb2_get_aead_req(..., &req); // Async encryption returns -EINPROGRESS immediately rc = enc ? crypto_aead_encrypt(req) : crypto_aead_decrypt(req); // Free creq while async operation is still in progress kvfree_sensitive(creq, ...); Hardware crypto modules often implement async AEAD operations for performance. When crypto_aead_encrypt/decrypt() returns -EINPROGRESS, the operation completes asynchronously. Without crypto_wait_req(), the function immediately frees the request buffer, leading to crashes when the driver later accesses the freed memory. This results in a use-after-free condition when the hardware crypto driver later accesses the freed request structure, leading to kernel crashes with NULL pointer dereferences. The issue occurs because crypto_alloc_aead() with mask=0 doesn't guarantee synchronous operation. Even without CRYPTO_ALG_ASYNC in the mask, async implementations can be selected. Fix by restoring the async crypto handling: - DECLARE_CRYPTO_WAIT(wait) for completion tracking - aead_request_set_callback() for async completion notification - crypto_wait_req() to wait for operation completion This ensures the request buffer isn't freed until the crypto operation completes, whether synchronous or asynchronous, while preserving the CVE-2024-50047 fix.
CVSS 3.1 score
7.8
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Weakness type
CWE-416CVE-2025-38488 is a Use After Free vulnerability
What is Use After Free?
The product references memory after it has been freed, which may cause it to crash, use unexpected values, or execute code. Learn more on MITRE CWE
Affected versions
Linux kernel versions
5.10.237,
5.15.181,
6.1.128,
6.6.57,
6.11.4,
6.12
and later are affected. Fixed in
5.10.241,
5.15.190,
6.1.147,
6.6.100,
6.12.40,
6.15.8,
6.16
and their respective stable series.
References
The following references provide additional information about CVE-2025-38488 including vendor advisories, patch commits, exploit details, and third-party analysis. Links are sourced from the NIST NVD database.
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Third Party Advisory
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Third Party Advisory
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PatchKernel patch commithttps://git.kernel.org/stable/c/15a0a5de49507062bc3be4014a403d8cea5533de
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PatchKernel patch commithttps://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2a76bc2b24ed889a689fb1c9015307bf16aafb5b
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PatchKernel patch commithttps://git.kernel.org/stable/c/5d047b12f86cc3b9fde1171c02d9bccf4dba0632
Frequently asked questions
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What is CVE-2025-38488?
CVE-2025-38488 is a High severity Linux kernel vulnerability with a CVSS score of 7.8 out of 10 , classified as an Use After Free flaw (CWE-416) . It affects Linux kernel versions from 5.10.237 onward and has been patched in 5.10.241, 5.15.190, 6.1.147 and others. CVE-2025-38488 has not been confirmed as actively exploited and is not listed in the CISA KEV catalog.
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What is the CVSS score for CVE-2025-38488?
CVE-2025-38488 has a CVSS score of 7.8 out of 10, rated High severity (CVSS 3.1). The vector string is
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H. -
Is there a patch available for CVE-2025-38488?
Yes — CVE-2025-38488 has been patched. Fixed versions include 5.10.241, 5.15.190, 6.1.147 and others. If you are running Linux kernel 5.10.237 or later up to the fix versions, apply the relevant patch for your kernel branch.
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Is CVE-2025-38488 actively exploited?
No — CVE-2025-38488 has not been confirmed as actively exploited. It is not listed in the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) catalog.
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What is Use After Free (CWE-416)?
The product references memory after it has been freed, which may cause it to crash, use unexpected values, or execute code. View CWE-416 on MITRE CWE →